For about 2.6 million years, our species evolved as hunter-gatherers eating lean meat, fish, and fresh fruits and vegetables. This type of diet is commonly called the Paleolithic or Paleo Diet, and it accounts for almost all (99 percent) of human history.
About 10,000 years ago, the Agricultural Revolution resulted in a deluge of dairy, grain, fatty meat, salt and sugar (and many unpronounceable artificial additives) that our ancestors never ate. Human physiology couldn't adapt so quickly to such immense change, but that doesn't mean we can't simulate a natural diet that will improve the way we feel, work, and perform athletically.
The Paleo Diet is a way of eating in the modern age that best mimics the nutrition of our evolutionary and genetic heritage - an ancestral, Paleolithic diet. For millions of years our hunter-gatherer ancestors ate combinations of lean meats, seafoods, vegetables, fruits, and nuts. But today in America, more than 70% of our dietary calories come from foods that our Paleolithic (Stone Age) ancestors rarely if ever ate ... and that modern humans are not genetically adapted to eat. The result is epidemic levels of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, arthritis, acne, gastrointestinal disease, and more.
via The Paleo Diet
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